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API yog dab tsi? Thiab Lwm Cov Lus Cim: REST, SOAP, XML, JSON, WSDL

Thaum koj siv lub browser, koj tus browser ua kev thov los ntawm tus neeg siv khoom tus neeg rau zaub mov, thiab tus neeg rau zaub mov xa rov qab cov ntaub ntawv uas koj tus browser sib sau ua ke thiab nthuav tawm nplooj ntawv web nrog. Tab sis yuav ua li cas yog tias koj tsuas yog xav kom koj lub server lossis nplooj ntawv web tham nrog lwm tus server? Qhov no yuav xav kom koj ua haujlwm rau API.

API yog dab tsi?

API yog qhov ntawv luv rau Thov Programming Interface (API). API yog cov txheej txheem niaj hnub, cov txheej txheem, thiab cov cuab yeej siv los tsim cov web-enabled thiab mobile-based applications. API qhia meej tias koj tuaj yeem lees paub qhov tseeb (yeem), thov thiab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm API server.

API yog dab tsi?

Thaum siv rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev txhim kho lub vev xaib, API feem ntau yog cov txheej txheem ntawm Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) thov cov lus, nrog rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov lus teb. Web APIs tso cai rau kev sib txuas ntawm ntau yam kev pabcuam rau hauv cov ntawv thov tshiab hu ua mashups.

Wikipedia

Cia peb muab piv txwv yooj yim. Yog tias koj siv qhov txuas luv luv kom faib ntev URL yooj yim dua, koj tuaj yeem siv cov kev pabcuam zoo li Bit.ly. Koj ntaus qhov URL ntev hauv, xa qhov URL, thiab Bit.ly teb nrog qhov URL luv.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias koj xav siv Bit.ly nyob rau hauv lub Scope ntawm lub platform uas koj siv? Tej zaum koj tau ua tus tsim QR code online tab sis xav kom ntev URLs luv ua ntej. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem npaj koj lub xaib xa daim ntawv thov mus rau Bit.ly API thiab tom qab ntawd ntes cov lus teb los tsim koj tus lej QR.

Cov txheej txheem yog automated nrog API qhov twg tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tib neeg. Nov yog lub sijhawm uas APIs muab txhua lub koom haum. APIs pab cov tshuab hauv synchronizing cov ntaub ntawv, ua kev thov, thiab automating txheej txheem feem ntau ua manually.

Yog tias lub platform muaj API ruaj khov, nws txhais tau hais tias koj tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke thiab automate - txuag lub sijhawm ntawm phau ntawv, txhim kho lub sijhawm muaj peev xwm ntawm koj lub platform, thiab ua kom paub tseeb tias qhov tseeb - zam teeb meem nrog cov ntaub ntawv nkag.

Video Ntawm APIs Ua Haujlwm Li Cas

Yog tias koj yog tus tsim tawm platform, APIs kuj muaj lub sijhawm los cais koj cov neeg siv interface los ntawm koj cov lus nug thiab cov ntaub ntawv database. Vim li cas qhov ntawd tseem ceeb? Thaum koj tsim koj tus neeg siv interface, koj tuaj yeem siv tib APIs koj tshaj tawm rau lwm tus neeg thib peb. Koj tuaj yeem rov sau koj tus neeg siv interface yam tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev rhuav tshem kev sib koom ua ke rov qab.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Pom Muaj APIs

Puas yog koj tab tom nrhiav API rau ib yam khoom lossis kev pabcuam? Nov yog qee qhov peev txheej uas teev APIs uas koj tuaj yeem siv tus kheej thiab kev lag luam:

APIs npe RapidAPI

Yuav Ua Li Cas Ntsuas APIs

API tsuas yog qhov kev thov HTTP, zoo li browser. Qhov sib txawv yog tias API feem ntau xav tau qee qhov kev lees paub los ua qhov kev thov. Yog tias tsis xav tau kev lees paub, koj tuaj yeem thov los ntawm pasting qhov kev thov URL hauv qhov browser. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev thov rau ib qho qhib qhov chaw huab cua API.

Siv OSX, koj tuaj yeem siv lub Caws hais kom ua nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais terminal. Thaum ua tiav cov lus txib, cURL yuav ua kom tau txais kev thov mus rau qhov muab API URL, thiab cov lus teb uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv huab cua huab cua yuav raug tso tawm hauv Terminal.

curl "https://api.open-meteo.com/v1/forecast?latitude=52.52&longitude=13.41&current_weather=true&hourly=temperature_2m,relativehumidity_2m,windspeed_10m"

Hauv Windows, koj tuaj yeem nruab curl thiab ntxiv rau qhov system PATH rau cov lus txib ua haujlwm. Xwb, koj tuaj yeem siv tus neeg thib peb curl executables rau Windows, xws li cURL rau Windows or curl rau Windows los ntawm Winamp thiab khiav cov lus txib curl zoo ib yam.

Nov yog qee yam lus ntxiv thiab yuav ua li cas koj tuaj yeem thov API:

  • Nab hab sej: cov requests tsev qiv ntawv feem ntau yog siv los ua HTTP thov hauv Python. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv:
import requests

response = requests.get('https://example.com')
print(response.text)
  • JavaScript (Node.js): cov axios lub tsev qiv ntawv yog tus neeg siv HTTP siv dav rau Node.js. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv:
const axios = require('axios');

axios.get('https://example.com')
   .then(response => {
      console.log(response.data);
   })
   .catch(error => {
      console.error(error);
 });
  • JQuery: siv cov $.ajax or $.get ua haujlwm los ua HTTP thov. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev thov GET siv $.ajax hauv jQuery:
$.ajax({
  url: 'https://example.com',
  method: 'GET',
  success: function(response) {
    console.log(response);
  },
  error: function(error) {
    console.error(error);
  }
});
  • Ruby: Ruby tus qauv tsev qiv ntawv suav nrog net/http module ua HTTP thov. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv:
require 'net/http'
require 'uri'

uri = URI.parse('https://example.com')
response = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
puts response.body
  • Java: Java muab ntau lub tsev qiv ntawv thiab lub moj khaum rau ua HTTP thov, xws li HttpURLConnection (hauv cov tsev qiv ntawv txheem), Apache HttpClient, lossis OkHttp. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv siv HttpURLConnection:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class Main {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
       URL url = new URL("https://example.com");
       HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
       connection.setRequestMethod("GET");

       BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
       String line;
       StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
       while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
         response.append(line);
       }
       reader.close();

       System.out.println(response.toString());
     }
}
  • C# los yog ASP.NET: siv cov HttpClient chav kawm ua HTTP thov. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas thov GET siv HttpClient hauv C#:
using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program
{
    static async Task Main()
    {
        using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
        {
            HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync("https://example.com");
            response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); // Ensure a successful response

            string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
            Console.WriteLine(responseBody);
        }
    }
}

Nco ntsoov ntxiv qhov tsim nyog using cov lus hais thiab daws cov kev zam kom tsim nyog thaum ua haujlwm nrog HttpClient hauv koj daim ntawv thov ASP.NET lossis C#.

  • WordPress: WordPress API muaj nws tus kheej ua haujlwm wp_remote_get or wp_remote_post:
$response = wp_remote_get('https://example.com');

if (is_wp_error($response)) {
    $error_message = $response->get_error_message();
    echo "Request failed: $error_message";
} else {
    $body = wp_remote_retrieve_body($response);
    $data = json_decode($body);

    // Process the retrieved data
    var_dump($data);
}

Cov piv txwv no qhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua tau ib qho kev thov GET, tab sis cov tsev qiv ntawv no feem ntau txhawb nqa HTTP txoj kev sib txawv (GET, POST, thiab lwm yam) thiab muab kev xaiv rau kev teeb tsa lub taub hau, xa cov ntawv thov them nyiaj, thiab tuav cov lus teb hauv qhov zoo dua.

Nco ntsoov nruab ib qho kev cia siab lossis cov tsev qiv ntawv rau koj cov lus programming ua ntej khiav cov qauv code.

Talend muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws Chrome Daim Ntawv Thov rau kev cuam tshuam nrog APIs thiab pom lawv cov lus teb yog tias koj xav sim APIs yam tsis tau sau ib kab code.

Ntxiv Talend's API Tester rau Chrome

Cov Ntawv Cuam Tshuam SDK sawv dab tsi?

SDK yog cov ntawv luv rau Cov Khoom Siv Tsim Kho Khoom Siv.

Thaum ib lub tuam txhab luam tawm nws API, feem ntau yog nrog cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias API authenticates li cas, nws tuaj yeem nug tau li cas, thiab cov lus teb tsim nyog. Txhawm rau pab cov neeg tsim khoom tau txais lub hauv paus pib, cov tuam txhab feem ntau tshaj tawm Software Developer Kit (

SDK) kom yooj yim suav nrog chav kawm lossis cov haujlwm tsim nyog rau hauv cov haujlwm uas tus tsim tawm sau.

Lub Acronym XML sawv li cas?

XML yog acronym rau eXtensible Markup Lus. XML yog ib hom lus markup siv los encode cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv uas yog tib neeg-nyeem tau thiab tshuab-nyeem tau.

Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov XML zoo li cas:

<?xml version ="1.0"?>
< khoom id ="1">
Khoom A
Thawj cov khoom

5.00
txhua

Lub npe JSON yog dab tsi sawv?

JSON yog ib qho ntawv qhia lub npe JavaScript ntawv cim cimJSON yog ib hom kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv uas xa rov qab los ntawm API. JSON yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau XML. REST APIs feem ntau teb nrog JSON - tus qauv qhib uas siv tib neeg cov ntawv nyeem kom xa cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom uas muaj tus cwj pwm-tus nqi khub.

Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no siv JSON:

{
"id": 1,
"npe": "Khoom A",
"lus piav qhia": "Thawj cov khoom",
"tus nqi": {
"nyiaj": "5.00",
"ib": "Txhua"
}
}

Lub npe Acronym REST sawv cev dab tsi?

SO yog ib tug acronym rau lub Kev Sawv Cev Hauv Xeev Kev Xa Mus architectural style rau faib hypermedia systems.

Whew… ua pa tob tob! Koj tuaj yeem nyeem tag nrho dissertation no, hu ua Architectural Styles thiab Tus Tsim ntawm Network-raws Software Architectures xa hauv qee qhov kev txaus siab ntawm cov tseev kom muaj ntawm DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY hauv Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab Computer Science los ntawm Roy Thomas Fielding.

Ua tsaug, Dr. Fielding!

Lub suab npe SAP sawv cev dab tsi?

XAB NPUM yog cov ntawv sau rau Tej Yam Khoom Siv Yooj Yim Nkag raws

Kuv tsis yog programmer, tab sis hauv kuv lub tswv yim, cov neeg tsim khoom uas nyiam SOAP ua li ntawd vim lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov cai yooj yim hauv cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas lus uas nyeem cov Web Service txhais lus (wsdl ua) cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv tsis tas yuav txheeb xyuas cov lus teb, nws twb ua tiav siv WSDL. SOAP xav tau ib lub hnab ntawv programmatic, uas txhais cov qauv lus thiab yuav ua li cas rau nws, txheej txheej encoding cov cai rau kev nthuav qhia cov piv txwv ntawm daim ntawv thov-txhais cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ib daim ntawv cog lus rau sawv cev rau cov txheej txheem hu thiab teb.

Douglas Karr

Douglas Karr yog CMO OpenINSIGHTS thiab tus founder ntawm lub Martech Zone. Douglas tau pab ntau ntau qhov kev vam meej MarTech startups, tau pab nyob rau hauv kev mob siab rau ntau tshaj $ 5 bil nyob rau hauv Martech nrhiav thiab kev nqis peev, thiab txuas ntxiv pab cov tuam txhab hauv kev siv thiab automating lawv cov kev muag khoom thiab kev lag luam cov tswv yim. Douglas yog tus paub thoob ntiaj teb kev hloov pauv digital thiab MarTech kws tshaj lij thiab hais lus. Douglas tseem yog tus sau phau ntawv Dummie phau ntawv qhia thiab phau ntawv ua lag luam.

lwm yam khoom

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